Biobased LCA Atlas

Sources

51 references. Each entry lists where it is used.

  1. S01 Pretot et al. 2014 paper
    Pretot S., Collet F., Garnier C. (2014). Life cycle assessment of a hemp concrete wall: impact of thickness and coating. Building and Environment 72:223-231. Open
    Used in: Dedicated crops
  2. S02 Enarevba et al. 2026 paper
    Enarevba D.R., Thiele H.C., Haapala K.R. (2026). Addressing life cycle inventory data gaps for industrial hemp products and processes. Int J Life Cycle Assess 31:152. Data: doi:10.15482/USDA.ADC/29473610 Open
    Used in: Dedicated crops
  3. S03 Arrigoni et al. 2017 paper
    Arrigoni A., Pelosato R., Melia P., Ruggieri G., Sabbadini S., Dotelli G. (2017). Life cycle assessment of natural building materials: carbonation, mixture components and transport in hempcrete blocks. J Clean Prod 149:1051-1061. Open
  4. S04 Chambre d'agriculture Normandie guideline
    Chambre d'agriculture de Normandie. Fiche technique AB: le chanvre (fertilisation azotee: viser 100 U pour 8 t de paille). Open
    Used in: Dedicated crops
  5. S05 CRA-W 2014 guideline
    Centre wallon de Recherches agronomiques (2014). Essai chanvre, Sillon belge: densite de semis 35-40 kg/ha; optimum biomasse a 80-100 kg N/ha. Open
    Used in: Dedicated crops
  6. S06 GREN Nouvelle-Aquitaine guideline
    DREAL Nouvelle-Aquitaine, GREN. Annexe 7: fertilisation du chanvre (besoin 12 kg N/t MS). Open
  7. S07 Terres Inovia 2026 guideline
    Terres Inovia (2026). Guide de culture chanvre 2026. Recommended primary reference for French itinerary; not parsed in this dataset version. Open
  8. S08 GDR MBS, beton de chanvre paper
    GDR Materiaux Biosources, presentation Marceau: formulation 'mur' (Regles professionnelles): liant/granulat = 2, eau/liant = 1.3, masse volumique ~325-327 kg/m3 a 100 jours. Open
    Used in: Dedicated crops
  9. S09 Weber Chanvribat / Tradical PF70 datasheet
    Saint-Gobain Weber (2023). Fiche technique Chanvribat (masse volumique 110 kg/m3); Tradical PF70, chaux formulee FL A 3.5. Open
    Used in: Dedicated crops
  10. S10 Ntimugura et al. 2021 paper
    Ntimugura F., Vinai R., Harper A.B., Walker P. (2021). Environmental performance of miscanthus-lime lightweight concrete using LCA. Sustainable Materials and Technologies 28:e00253. Open
    Used in: Perennial crops
  11. S11 Ntimugura, WESSEX 2021 paper
    Ntimugura F. et al. Mechanical and microstructural performance of low-carbon bio-based insulation (b/a = 2.0, dry density 400-500 kg/m3). Open
    Used in: Perennial crops
  12. S12 NNFCC 2011 guideline
    NNFCC (2011). Miscanthus crop factsheet: rhizome planting 10-20 ha/day, autumn ploughing and spring cultivation, useful life 15-20 years. Open
    Used in: Perennial crops
  13. S13 Terravesta industry
    Terravesta. Miscanthus grower information: yields 12-17 t/ha, 20+ year lifespan, no additional N/P/K after establishment. Open
    Used in: Perennial crops
  14. S14 Dzeletovic et al. 2016 paper
    Dzeletovic Z., Mihailovic N., Simic A. (2016). Influence of scarce planting on the yield of Miscanthus x giganteus. J Processing and Energy in Agriculture 20(4):161-164 (recommended 15,000 rhizomes/ha). Open
    Used in: Perennial crops
  15. S15 Adler 2023 paper
    Adler P.R. (2023). Life cycle inventory of Miscanthus production on a commercial farm in the US. Front Plant Sci 14:1029141. Open
    Used in: Perennial crops
  16. S16 Forest Research SRC guideline
    Forest Research (UK). Short rotation coppice: willow planted at 15,000/ha, first harvest ~3 years after cut-back, 7-12 odt/ha/yr. Open
    Used in: Short rotation coppice
  17. S17 EUBIA SRC guideline
    EUBIA. Short rotation forestry: 10,000-20,000 cuttings/ha, rotation years by species, stools survive at least 5 rotations. Open
    Used in: Short rotation coppice
  18. S18 Eur J For Res 2023 (CTL fuel) paper
    Fuel consumption of cut-to-length logging machinery under Nordic conditions: 1.4 L/m3 final felling; 3.1 and 2.2 L/m3 first and later thinning. Eur J Forest Res (2023). Open
    Used in: Deciduous wood, Evergreen wood
  19. S19 Apafaian & Borz paper
    Apafaian A.I., Borz S.A. Harvester-forwarder system in a Norway spruce clear-cut: mean fuel consumption about 1.7 L/m3. Annals of Forest Research. Open
    Used in: Deciduous wood, Evergreen wood
  20. S20 Athanassiadis 2000 thesis
    Athanassiadis D. (2000). Resource consumption and emissions induced by logging machinery in a life cycle perspective. Doctoral thesis, SLU (chain oil 35 L/1000 m3ub; hydraulic oil spill 20 L/1000 m3ub). Open
    Used in: Deciduous wood, Evergreen wood
  21. S21 Forests 2026, 17:316 paper
    LCA of post-disturbance reforestation: planting 800 four-year-old Norway spruce seedlings incl. residue chipping = 443.91 kg CO2 eq; nursery and establishment dominate. Forests 17(3):316. Open
    Used in: Evergreen wood, Conifer seedling produced, transported and planted (incl. protection)
  22. S22 Setra CLT EPD EPD
    Setra Travaror AB. EPD NEPD-3329-1967, Cross laminated timber: spruce 430 kg, PU adhesive 5.63 kg, PE film 0.207 kg, PP bands 0.19 kg per m3. Open
    Used in: Deciduous wood, Evergreen wood
  23. S23 Stora Enso CLT EPD EPD
    Stora Enso. EPD S-P-02033 CLT, 470 kg/m3: GWP A1-A3 53.8 kg CO2e/m3 (as listed by One Click LCA). Open
  24. S24 Sawn timber EPD NEPD-3442-2053 EPD
    EPD NEPD-3442-2053, sawn dried spruce/pine (16% MC): GWP fossil A1-A3 28.9, A4 3.18, A5 1.59 kg CO2e/m3; spruce 197 kg C/m3. Open
    Used in: Deciduous wood, Evergreen wood
  25. S25 STEICO dry-process EPDs EPD
    STEICO SE, EPD Norge NEPD-10885-10885-2 (153 kg/m3: 116 kg CO2e/m3 A1-A3); NEPD-11325 (140 kg/m3: 105); NEPD-11334 (180 kg/m3: 135). Open
  26. S26 TimberHP TimberBoard EPD EPD
    TimberHP TimberBoard EPD (EPD Hub): 96% bio-based, 4% fossil materials by mass. Open
    Used in: Forest residues
  27. S27 Forest Products Journal 62(4) paper
    Forest residue recovery: 8.10 L/BDmT at 48 km haul (recovery from landing), Forest Products Journal 62(4):258. Open
    Used in: Forest residues
  28. S28 Rozanski & Jablonski 2010 paper
    Rozanski H., Jablonski K. (2010). Energy consumption in logging residue chips and bundles production (~196 MJ/m3 woody fuel). Acta Sci Pol Silv. Open
    Used in: Forest residues
  29. S29 CWC Particleboard EPD EPD
    Canadian Wood Council (2019). Particleboard EPD: 1 m3 = 640.22 odkg wood, 63.64 kg UF resin, 1.93 urea, 1.06 catalyst, 0.31 scavenger, 2.14 slack wax, 0.48 ammonium sulphate. Open
    Used in: Short rotation coppice
  30. S30 Kronospan particleboard EPD EPD
    Kronospan Ltd. EPD HUB-0864 Raw Particleboard: 639 kg/m3, GWP-fossil A1-A3 198 kg CO2e/m3, 78.3% secondary input. Open
  31. S31 EcoCocon LCA 2022 report
    EcoCocon (2022). LCA of straw panel: straw transport 10 km; production energy 7.5 kWh electricity, 0.38 L gas, 0.4 L diesel per m2 panel. Open
  32. S32 Vanova et al. 2021 paper
    Vanova R., Vlcko M., Stefko J. (2021). Life cycle impact assessment of load-bearing straw bale residential building. Materials 14:3064. Open
  33. S33 Reussir / ARETA fuel follow-ups report
    Reussir (2020s). Suivis de consommation (250 chantiers): labour 12.5-30 L/ha, faucheuse 5.5-6.7, fanage 2-2.6/passage, andaineur 1.8-3, pressage balles rondes 9-10 L/ha, cubiques 7 L/ha, pulverisation 0.93-1.42 L/ha, dechaumage 4.75-9.6 L/ha. Open
    Used in: Dedicated crops
  34. S34 INRAE 2022 fuel guide guideline
    INRAE (2022). Bonnes pratiques economes en carburant: ranges in L GNR per ha / t / balle for tillage, sowing, spraying, mowing, tedding, raking, baling, silage. Open
    Used in: Short rotation coppice, Crop residue, Perennial crops, Dedicated crops
  35. S35 Solagro / Bochu et al. report
    Bochu et al. (2005), SOLAGRO, cited in INRAE hal-02818626: fuel by operation for annual crops with ploughing (100 L/ha total). Open
  36. S36 ADEME Base Empreinte (fuels) database
    ADEME Base Empreinte, status 'valide generique': gazole non routier 3.16 kgCO2e/L; gazole routier B7 3.10 kgCO2e/L; electricite 2022 0.05 kgCO2e/kWh (combustion + upstream). Open
    Used in: Diesel, non-road (GNR), combustion + upstream, Electricity, France average consumption mix 2024
  37. S37 ADEME Base Empreinte (electricity 2024) database
    ADEME Base Empreinte, electricite mix moyen France 2024 = 58 gCO2e/kWh (as used by SNCF comparateur carbone). Open
    Used in: Electricity, France average consumption mix 2024
  38. S38 Truck 34-40 t default database
    Regulatory default 2026 for articulated truck 34-40 t: 0.0875 kgCO2e per t.km (as reported by Projet Celsius, from ADEME Base Empreinte). Open
    Used in: Deciduous wood, Evergreen wood, Short rotation coppice, Forest residues, Crop residue, Perennial crops, Dedicated crops, Road freight, articulated truck 34-40 t
  39. S39 Yara AN footprint industry
    Yara: ammonium nitrate from BAT plants = 3.6 kgCO2e/kg N; average European non-BAT plant about twice as high. Open
    Used in: Mineral N fertiliser (ammonium nitrate), production
  40. S40 IPCC 2019 Refinement standard
    IPCC (2019). Refinement to the 2006 Guidelines, Vol.4 Ch.11: EF1 = 0.010 (0.001-0.018) kg N2O-N/kg N; FracGASF 0.11; EF4 0.010; FracLEACH 0.24; EF5 0.011. Standard reference, not re-fetched in this session. Open
    Used in: Short rotation coppice, Dedicated crops, Field N2O (direct + indirect) per kg mineral N applied
  41. S41 IPCC AR6 GWP100 standard
    IPCC AR6 WG1 (2021), Ch.7 Table 7.15: GWP100 N2O = 273. Standard reference, not re-fetched in this session. Open
    Used in: Dedicated crops, Field N2O (direct + indirect) per kg mineral N applied
  42. S42 EC lime benchmark study report
    European Commission (2009). Benchmarking study, lime sector: calcination process emissions 0.785 t CO2/t quicklime. Open
    Used in: Perennial crops, Dedicated crops, Hydrated lime Ca(OH)2, production (calcination + kiln fuel)
  43. S43 EMEP/EEA Guidebook lime database
    EMEP/CORINAIR Guidebook B3312: combustion CO2 from lime kilns 0.2-0.45 t CO2/t quicklime. Open
    Used in: Perennial crops, Dedicated crops, Hydrated lime Ca(OH)2, production (calcination + kiln fuel)
  44. S44 IBU PCR (carbonation) standard
    IBU PCR guidance: maximum CO2 uptake of hydrated lime = 44/74 = 0.594 kg CO2/kg Ca(OH)2. Open
  45. S45 EN 16449:2014 standard
    EN 16449:2014 Wood and wood-based products: calculation of biogenic carbon content (carbon fraction 0.5 of oven-dry mass). Open
  46. S46 EN 15804+A2 standard
    EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 Sustainability of construction works: core rules for EPDs (modules A1-A5, biogenic carbon reporting). Open
  47. S47 EN 16485:2014 standard
    EN 16485:2014 Round and sawn timber: PCR for wood and wood-based products (allocation, biogenic carbon). Open
    Used in: Forest residues
  48. S48 Hasslacher glulam PCF EPD
    Hasslacher, IBU product carbon footprint for glulam and related products: 146 kg CO2e over the declared life cycle (context only). Open
  49. S49 Grand Lyon, livret chanvre report
    Metropole de Lyon (2024). Livret chanvre: hempcrete density 250-800 kg/m3, lambda 0.056-0.09 W/m.K (context). Open
  50. S50 Poplar SRC operations (Sciforum) paper
    Poplar SRF/MRF LCA: field preparation and planting (deep scarification, ploughing, fertilisation, chemical weeding, irrigation, hoeing, harrowing), annual management, harvesting, stump grinding at end. Open
    Used in: Short rotation coppice
  51. S51 SCA forestry cycle industry
    SCA: regeneration harvesting, soil scarification 1-2 years after felling, planting, pre-commercial thinning, thinning; rotation 80-120 years. Open
    Used in: Deciduous wood, Evergreen wood